Tag Archives: boats

Applying for a Vessel MMSI Number

Posted on by
5

I’m surprised to learn that applying for an MMSI number for my boat with the FCC is a lot quicker and easier than I thought.

I’m currently on the home stretch for adding AIS transmit capabilities to my boat and I thought I’d share what I’ve been going through, along with instructions for getting an MMSI number from the FCC. If all you care about are the instructions for applying for the number, skip ahead to the section titled “Applying for an MMSI with the FCC” below.

AIS on My Boat Explained

My boat’s navigation Garmin navigation and communication components — specifically, it’s VHF radio and chartplotters (with GPS) — are compatible with the AIS system for tracking boats. Here’s what Wikipedia has to say about this system (edited for length):

The automatic identification system (AIS) is an automatic tracking system that uses transceivers on ships and is used by vessel traffic services (VTS). … AIS information supplements marine radar, which continues to be the primary method of collision avoidance for water transport. Although technically and operationally distinct, the ADS-B system is analogous to AIS and performs a similar function for aircraft.

Information provided by AIS equipment, such as unique identification, position, course, and speed, can be displayed on a screen or an electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS). AIS is intended to assist a vessel’s watchstanding officers and allow maritime authorities to track and monitor vessel movements. AIS integrates a standardized VHF transceiver with a positioning system such as a Global Positioning System receiver, with other electronic navigation sensors, such as a gyrocompass or rate of turn indicator. Vessels fitted with AIS transceivers can be tracked by AIS base stations located along coast lines or, when out of range of terrestrial networks, through a growing number of satellites that are fitted with special AIS receivers which are capable of deconflicting a large number of signatures.


The AIS target appears as a triangle pointing in the direction of travel (top). Tapping the target on the chartplotter screen displays the name of the vessel (middle). Tapping other buttons eventually displays info screens for the target that include the vessel name, direction of travel, and speed (bottom). In most cases, there’s a second page screen with more info. Note that most of the statuses say “Sleeping” at the top; I still don’t know why.

What all this means is that AIS enables vessels to be tracked by ground- and vessel-based stations. The way it currently works on my boat is that my VHF radio includes an AIS receiver which gathers the data and sends it to my chartplotters, where those signals are plotted. AIS targets appear as little triangles pointing in the direction of travel. I can tap a triangle to get information about the target, including vessel name, type, speed, direction, and time to intercept (if applicable).

If you’ve been reading my Great Loop blog, you should have an idea of how helpful this has been when traveling among large commercial boats such as tugboats with barges (referred to as tows). I can see them on screen before I see them with my eyes and I can make radio calls to them by name to arrange for passing, etc.

The trouble is, my boat does not transmit my information to the AIS system. That means that my boat remains invisible to others on their chartplotters. I can see tows but they can’t see me.

(I should mention here that this is exactly opposite to the requirements of ADS-B systems on US-based aircraft, which are required to transmit (ADS-B Out) but not receive (ADS-B In). Of course, no part of the AIS system is currently required at all on a boat of my size and type.)

Lots of folks might think it’s a good thing that I’m invisible to the AIS system. Privacy, etc. [Insert eyeroll emoji here.] But I want to be seen by other, especially larger, vessels. I want to appear on their systems just like they appear on mine so they can reach out and talk to me if they need to.

And thus the challenge of adding this feature to my system began.

Getting the Numbers

The one component you must have to set up an AIS transmit feature on a boat is an MMSI number. Here’s another Wikipedia explanation for you:

A Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) is effectively a maritime object’s international maritime telephone number, a temporarily assigned UID, issued by that object’s current flag state (unlike an IMO, which is a global forever UID).

An MMSI comprises a series of nine digits, consisting of three Maritime Identification Digits (country-codes), concatenated with a specific identifier. Whenever an object is re-flagged, a new MMSI must be assigned.

My boat, Do It Now, is a “maritime object.”

(If you’re interested in a more gov-speak description, here’s more on the FCC website.)

You can get an MMSI number two ways — but wait. I’m getting ahead of myself here.

Before you can get an MMSI number, you need to have a Coast Guard documentation number, referred to by the Coast Guard as the vessel’s Official Number (O/N). It’s a 6 or 7 digit number assigned to the vessel at the time it is first documented with the US Coast Guard. This number remains with the vessel indefinitely and must be permanently affixed to the vessel in accordance with a bunch of rules we don’t need to go into here.

Coast Guard documentation is not required for a boat like mine. The previous owner, in fact, opted to skip documentation and simply register the boat with the state of Washington. That gave the boat a WN number which appeared with a registration sticker on boat sides of the bow. When I bought the boat, it was registered in my name so I believe that as far as the state of Washington is concerned, it’s still registered with that number. But when a boat is documented with the Coast Guard, that number is not used — in fact, it must be removed from the boat. Instead, the name and hailing port of the boat must be affixed to it in accordance with a bunch of rules that, again, we don’t need to go into here.

When a bought the boat, the title company handling the transaction — and yes, when you buy a boat like mine, a title company does get involved — handled my application for documentation. I was warned that it could take several months. Until then, I had my application for the number — in case the Coast Guard or anyone else needed to see it — and I could remove the WN number and put my boat name on the boat. I did that in November in Alton, IL. It seemed like a major step forward.

When I went home for three weeks in November, there was nothing from the Coast Guard waiting for me. Since then, I’ve had my house sitter check my mail regularly. In late January, he found a thick letter from the title company. The Coast Guard documentation was in it. He forwarded my mail and I finally got my hands on the Official Number in early February.

Yes, it had taken the Coast Guard a five full months to process the title company’s request on my behalf.

So that hurdle had been jumped. (I’m now in the process for getting the number affixed on the boat in a way that satisfies Coast Guard requirements.)

Back to the MMSI number… I mentioned that there were two ways to get this number.

One way, which I was told was the “easy way” was to apply through an organization such as Boat US, which had an online form. Everyone I asked told me to do this. But those same people didn’t read the fine print on the page:

BoatUS has been authorized by both the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the U.S. Coast Guard to assign MMSI numbers only to vessels that meet the following criteria:

  • Used for recreation only
  • Not required by law to carry a radio
  • Not required by law to have a FCC Ship Station license
  • Vessel is under 65′ in length
  • Do not communicate with or visit foreign ports (i.e. Canada, Bahamas, Mexico, and the Caribbean)

If you do not meet these criteria, you are legally required to obtain a Ship Station License from the FCC. They will issue an MMSI number with a Ship Station License.

It’s that fifth point that makes getting an MMSI through BoatUS impossible for me. You see, I have every intention of taking my boat to foreign ports — Canada and perhaps the Bahamas. So I must go through the FCC to get my boat’s MMSI number. (Also, I have to wonder why anyone would lock their boat to an MMSI number that didn’t allow overseas travel/communication. Getting an MMSI through the FCC obviously increases the market value of the boat; it’s ready for anything.)

Applying for an MMSI with the FCC

And that’s where the trouble began. You see, the FCC’s website is a typical US Government website, obviously designed by the lowest bidder whose job is to make it work — not make it work well or intuitively. It is confusing — far more confusing than it needs to be. And despite my years in tech, I struggled with it.

I knew — from extensive Googling — that I needed to fill out form 605. Specifically, according to the FCC:

In order to obtain a new MMSI number, please indicate that you wish to be assigned a new number in Question 11 of FCC Form 605, Schedule B.

I tracked down Form 605 and was able to download it as a PDF. Trouble is, it must be filed electronically. That means I had to do it online. And when I followed the link for filing forms online, I reached my next hurdle: I had to register with the FCC to obtain an FCC Registration Number (FRN).

I clicked the link to do that. I filled out a form. Eventually, I got a login that included an FRN.


You have to know which service to pick to use the wizard.

I logged into my new FCC account. I clicked a link to Apply for a New License. And that’s when everything went off the rails. You see, the FCC doesn’t just give you a list of forms you can fill in online — even after telling you exactly which form and line on the form you needed to complete! Instead, it displays the first page of an extremely poorly designed “wizard” that begins by asking you to “Select the radio service for the new license.” The pop-up menu includes dozens of options, several of which seem to relate to marine use. There is no guidance telling you which one to pick for an MMSI number. If you choose the wrong one, you don’t know it until you’ve filled out the form and realized that they never asked for the appropriate information. Then you have to start all over again with a different option. (Ask me how I know this.)

I’ll save you the bother of trying to figure it out for yourself (as I had to). The option you want is SA or SB – Ship.

I then worked my way through the “wizard” to answer questions. Eventually, I had to enter that Coast Guard Official Number (the documentation number). I also had to enter my boat’s name and some other information. Finally, I was done and was able to add my application to a sort of cart for payment. The fee was $185.

Even paying the fee wasn’t intuitive. I had to go to a payment system and then provide my FRN and select the item I was paying for. They take credit cards, so it was easy enough to pay. Finally, I submitted the form.

I did all this on a Sunday. I wondered how long it would take to process my application and whether the paperwork would arrive in the mail and how soon I’d have to start asking my house sitter to start looking for a letter from the FCC.


The FCC might have a crappy website, but it does have quick turnaround on applications.

But on Tuesday morning — yes, just yesterday — I got confirmation in the mail that my application had been accepted. The message contained a link and when I clicked it, my computer downloaded a PDF of the paperwork. So yes, once I’d figured it out, I had my MMSI within 48 hours of applying for it.

Next Steps


Garmin’s Blackbox has no interface. I hope it’s small; my electronics cabinet is very full.

If you recall, the whole purpose of getting the MMSI number was so that I could set up my boat for AIS transmit. Unfortunately, that’s also going to require additional equipment, specifically the Garmin AIS 800 Blackbox Transceiver. Although Garmin frustrates the crap out of me and I hate giving them my money, this is the “easy” way to get my boat set up to transmit AIS.

I was told by the General Manager at Pocket Yachts in Jensen Beach, FL — last Monday’s stop — that the best way to get this was to order it from West Marine and have it shipped to wherever I was going to have it installed. West Marine would program my MMSI number into it for me so as long as the installer knew what he was doing, it should work as soon as it’s powered up.

Today I’m in Melbourne, FL and there’s a West Marine a bike ride away. If they can do the programming in the store, I’ll buy it and take it with me. (I have a bunch of credits at West Marine that should bring down the price significantly.) If they can’t program it, I’ll figure out where I’ll have it installed and have it shipped there. I’ll be in Titusville, St. Augustine, and Jacksonville over the coming weeks; one of those places must have a Garmin installer nearby.

That should be the last hurdle to get this done. We’ll see.

At Anchor

Posted on by
Comment

Enjoying the kind of peace and quiet that an anchorage offers.

I’m just starting my second morning at anchor in a small channel between Florida Gulf Coast barrier islands. I’m not completely in the “middle of nowhere,” as I have been many times while camping with my truck camper — after all, I can see a handful of lights about a mile away at the end of the channel where there are a few homes and the sky in that direction has the glow you’d find over small cities. But where I’m parked at anchor it’s dark and quiet right now, with the only sound being the breeze in the flags and burgees hanging on my boat. Even the Gulf’s breaking waves, which I’ve been hearing during most of my time here, have quieted.


This fellow walked by my boat along the water’s edge yesterday. A friend followed about 3 minutes later.

Later, as the whole sky begins to brighten, I’ll see the wildlife around me: raccoons on the nearer island, wading birds like egrets walking the shallows, pelicans in flight, turkey vultures soaring. Yesterday I saw a bald eagle perched on one of the few tall trees nearby; when I arrived on Friday I saw the fins of dolphins swimming by.

The sun will be out today, warming the boat’s cabin and providing my solar panel with the fuel it needs to power my boat’s living systems without running a noisy generator. I’ll make bacon and eggs with veggies for breakfast, I’ll feed my pups and take them on a short dinghy ride to the beach to do their business, and then I’ll settle down to do more writing — I have so much to say about my journey so far! Later, we’ll make another, longer trip to the beach in the dinghy and spend some time gathering sea shells. I’ll grill up some salmon for dinner while listening to a podcast and spend the evening reading or planning the next few days of my trip.


Yesterday, we took the dingy to a nearby beach. My girls are smart enough to sit in the shade when it’s sunny out.

Yes, I’ll see people come and go. While my boat is the only boat anchored here, it’s not the only one using this relatively shallow channel. I’ve seen pleasure boats zipping through, fisherman gliding by with silent electric motors, and even tour boats promising dolphin sightings puttering through while a man on a speaker points out things of interest around them. Yes, I’ve become a tourist attraction: the semi-retired solo traveler soaking up the serenity of Florida’s coastal waters.


Yes, I’m a tourist attraction now.

And I’ll see people walking along the shore in the State Park on the Gulf side island. Their voices carry across the water; I can hear them talking but not what they’re saying.

But eventually, as the sun sinks lower and lower toward the horizon, all of these boats and people will fade away, going back to their docks and their homes and their lives. I’ll stay another day or two or maybe move on to the next anchorage, hoping it’s as pleasant as this one.


The sunsets aren’t too shabby from the boat, either.

Loving the Cruising Life

Posted on by
11

Living on a boat, cruising from place to place at my own pace, is almost too good to be true.

If you’re wondering why I haven’t been blogging here lately, it’s because I’m busy trying to catch up with the blog posts I need to write about my big boat trip, which I started back in October. While I was traveling with two different friends — one for about 3 weeks in October and the other for about 3 weeks in December — I just couldn’t seem to get my head into writing mode. Days and days of my trip slipped by without me writing a word about my trip. This happened to me during my cruise in Spring 2022 with Capt John on the Intracoastal Waterway and although I promised readers I’d write up the missing days, I never did. I don’t want to make or break promises about this trip. I just want to write it up.

You can find what I’ve written so far in my Great Loop blog, MyGreatLoopAdventure.com.

Why I Blog

Understand that I blog, in part, to document what’s going on in my life so I can revisit those times in the future. I started this blog in October 2003 — yes, it’ll be 20 years old this year — and it has become my personal wayback machine, providing me with hundreds of true stories covering nearly 1/3 of my life. I can go back and not only read about a specific trip or day in my life, but also about what I was thinking of feeling about politics, current events, and personal matters, such as my work or divorce.

So when I neglect to post in this blog, I’m neglecting my duties as chief documentarian of Maria Langer. I’m creating gaps in my record, empty patches where days and weeks and related events existed only to be forgotten.

Do you think blogs are dead? Think again, The Verge published a piece called “Bring Back Personal Blogging” on December 31, 2022, less than two weeks ago.

My response? Bring it back? Who says it went away?

Who cares? you might ask. You’re nobody. No one gives a shit about what you did or saw or thought.

Here’s a newsflash for folks thinking something like that: We’re all nobodies. And we’re all somebodies. It’s all in your state of mind. (Also: If you don’t give a shit about what I write here, what the hell are you doing here reading it? Get lost.)

Anyway, it’s important to know why I blog to understand what I blog. And why neglecting my blog disappoints me.

What I’m Up To Now

So what’s keeping me so busy that I’ve been neglecting this blog? As the previous post here indicates, it’s not Twitter. (Frankly, the changes at Twitter have made it so distasteful that I’m glad to avoid it and get hours of my week back. Jeez, what are we thinking wasting so much time on social media? Want to wake up and smell the coffee? Read chapters Six and Seven of Johann Hari’s book, Stolen Focus: Why You Can’t Pay Attention — and How to Think Deeply Again.)

I’ve been on my winter travels and they’re very different from the RV trips I’ve been taking to travel south for the past 10 years.

This winter, I’m on my boat, which you may have read about elsewhere in this blog. I sold my helicopter in May and bought a trawler in September. In October, I had the boat shipped to Chicago where I put it on the Great Loop. I’ve spent a total of 72 days/nights on the boat since then, traveling south and east, and I am totally loving it.


My buddy boat friends shot this photo of Do It Now as we headed out of Carrabelle, FL, the other day around dawn.

I really think that 20 years of RVing prepped me for living on a boat. I wrote about that in a lot of detail back in November after the first three+ weeks of this trip, when I went home to take care of responsibilities. Since then, I traveled for three weeks with a different friend and have since traveled for nearly a whole month by myself.

I think going solo is what has really made me fall in love with this type of travel and lifestyle. After so many years of my life spent compromising with a difficult partner on so many things, it’s great to be able to make all of my own decisions. While it’s nice to share a trip with a friend, it’s not as nice when that friend has expectations that aren’t in line with mine — or maybe even the reality of this lifestyle. It’s very frustrating to travel with someone who is perpetually disappointed when you’re having the time of your life.

Right now, it’s before dawn on a Thursday afternoon. I’m in Steinhatchee, FL, at a surprisingly affordable marina. I arrived several days ago and had originally planned to leave yesterday, but weather is on its way so I — and a boat I’ve been traveling with for a few days — have decided to stick around. The marina has a great staff, three restaurants within walking distance, and a grocery store and hardware store I can get to on my bike. I’ve made friends with a few of the other boaters waiting here for the weather to pass, including another solo traveler in a boat even smaller than mine.

The next leg of my trip is long — 82 nautical miles! — and is mostly on the Gulf of Mexico. The weather we’re waiting out isn’t severe like thunderstorms, but it is windy and wind generates waves. Although my boat can handle ocean travel, there’s nothing pleasant about traveling 80+ miles in waves that are two or more feet high. So we’ll wait until the Gulf calms down, probably on Sunday morning, and make our run then.

What awaits me at my next stop? An anchorage in a town known for its manatee population in the winter. I’ll have to use my dinghy to get to shore to walk around. I’ll stay a day or two and then continue down to Tarpon Springs. After that, I’ll be in the Tampa area where I can hop on the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and not have to worry so much about weather and waves for a while.

I have no set plans. I have no reservations. All I have is a comfortable and seaworthy boat, access to the information I need to plan out the next few days of my life, and a credit card. What else does a person need for adventure?

A Home on the Water

I’ll say it here — if I haven’t already said it elsewhere — I’m enjoying this so much that I’m starting to think about becoming a full-time live aboard. That’s a person who lives on a boat instead of “on the dry” in a “dirt home.”

I’ve already met a few liveaboards on this trip. My favorites are Kenny and Rhonda in a big Kadey Krogen trawler. I don’t know how long they’ve been cruising full time, but it’s been at least a few years. They’re knowledgeable, they’re comfortable, they’re happy, they’ve come up with a “formula” that includes marinas and anchorages and isn’t as expensive as one might think. This part of the country is perfect for living and traveling aboard a boat full time: south in the winter, north in the summer, in between in spring and autumn.

(I think people who live on a boat in a marina are missing the point just as much as folks who live in an RV in an RV park or piece of land. Your home can move; why not move it? If you’re going to stay in one place all the time, you don’t need a home that can move.)

So far, I’ve passed too many places too quickly; I’d love to go back and see some of them again with time to really see them. The idea of traveling along the route of this 6000+ mile circle, possibly for years, is incredibly appealing to me. Every day different, always meeting new people, always doing new things. I wish I could have started doing this when I was younger, but it’s not too late to do it now.

(Yes, Do It Now is the name of my boat. When I think of the years I wasted in a dead-end relationship with someone too afraid to take risks and have fun, I cringe. If you want to do something with your life, do it now.)

Would I do it in this boat? Probably not. I’d need something a bit bigger, one with decent guest quarters and a place I can set up as a workstation for doing my own thing. I’m thinking of something a few feet longer and maybe a little wider than this one. But I’m not going to start looking now because then I’ll want to buy what I find and I’m not ready for that. Not yet.

Anyway, while my house-sitter is dealing with what seems like a never ending winter of snow and frozen fog — including several days when the water was shut off because the water company found a leak in their lines — I’m hanging out on the water in the sun with new friends, planning my next adventure.

And I’m starting to wonder why I need to go home at all.